Optimum distal limb mechanical parameters can be formulated and adjusted by farriers.

Examples can be in hoof angle, heel surface area (for support), toe surface area (for propulsion), horizontal and vertical lengths of foot and shoe to provide adequate support for stability.

Figure 1 is an example of a less than optimum heel surface area causing instability (hoof rocking back over the buttress). That instability requires the horse to fire muscles that are normally passive to maintain static stability. Farriers normally would address that instability with a longer shoe. However, it doesn’t correct the less than optimum heel surface area and the now excessive compression forces developed from the weight of the horse.

Normal compressive forces have been shown to be 60-78 pounds per square inch (PSI) over the hoof’s total ground surface area. Compressive forces greater than 78 PSI in these less than optimum surface areas may deform hoof wall or degrade hoof structural quality. The hoof requires these optimum mechanical parameters for external…